Amber is a unique organic gemstone admired for its beauty and natural properties.
It’s important to know how to identify real amber and distinguish it from imitations or other natural and synthetic resins.
Identifying Amber with Infrared Light
One of the most reliable methods for confirming amber authenticity is testing it under infrared (IR) light.
Each type of amber has a distinct IR spectrum, making it easy to differentiate from other resins.
Unfortunately, this technique is not commonly available due to the specialized equipment required.
Simple Tests for Amber Authenticity
Saltwater Float Test
Real amber is lightweight and has a lower density than saltwater.
When placed in a saturated saltwater solution (about 7–8 tablespoons of salt per 1 liter of water), genuine amber will float, while glass or gemstones will sink.
Smell Test
When burned or rubbed, amber releases a distinctive, pleasant, resinous scent.
This feature is reflected in the German name bernstein – “burning stone.”
Caution: do not burn finished jewelry pieces; this test should only be performed on small, unmounted fragments.
Visual Characteristics of Genuine Amber
Looking closely at amber reveals a variety of natural colors and shades – from honey tones to milky, greenish, or even deep brown and black.
Natural inclusions, uneven structures, and tiny gas bubbles often help distinguish real amber from synthetic imitations.
Summary
While infrared testing is the most reliable way to confirm authenticity, simple methods such as the saltwater float test and smell test can help you identify real amber with reasonable confidence.
To learn more about amber’s history and formation, see our article Origin of Amber.